The king might also be designated to suffer and atone for his people, meaning that the sacral king could be the pre-ordained victim in a human sacrifice, either killed at the end of his term in the position, or sacrificed in a time of crisis (e.g. Īccording to Frazer, the notion has prehistoric roots and occurs worldwide, on Java as in sub-Saharan Africa, with shaman-kings credited with rainmaking and assuring fertility and good fortune. However, "the myth and ritual, or myth-ritualist, theory" is disputed many scholars now believe that myth and ritual share common paradigms, but not that one developed from the other. Frazer gives numerous examples, cited below, and was an inspiration for the myth and ritual school. Sir James George Frazer used the concept of the sacred king in his study The Golden Bough (1890–1915), the title of which refers to the myth of the Rex Nemorensis.
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